Fermentation is essentially "life without air." It is a natural process where microorganisms like bacteria and yeast break down organic substances—usually sugars and starches—into new compounds like acids, gases, or alcohol.
At its core, fermentation is a form of , meaning it happens without oxygen. While most organisms prefer to use oxygen to create energy (aerobic respiration), some can "hold their breath" and use fermentation to keep their internal energy factories running. fermentation
For thousands of years, humans have used this ancient "biotechnology" to preserve food, enhance flavors, and improve health. How It Works (The Science) Fermentation is essentially "life without air
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